Unit 2 - Matter

In this unit we will examine the movement of fundamental particles in matter -- called atoms and molecules -- and how their motion relates to the states of matter we call solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas. We will also see how the motion of these particles relates to the temperature, pressure, and volume of one of these states of matter -- gases.

SPS5: Students will compare and contrast the phases of matter as they relate to atomic and molecular motion.
a. Compare and contrast the atomic/molecular motion of solids, liquids, gases and plasma.
b. Relate temperature, pressure, and volume of gases to the behavior of gases.

Specific Assignments:

Assignment 1: Watch the short video below entitled "The States of Matter" and view the power point with the same name that follows. Complete Section 1 of the on the States of Matter worksheet as you go. Click here to see worksheet. View the presentations as many time as necessary to fill in the needed information. Be prepared to discuss what you learned afterwords.



View the power point presentation on the "States of Matter" by clicking here.

Assignment 2: Phase Diagram - Review what you have learned about the states of matter by watching the video below and then complete Section 2 of the States of Matter worksheet pertaining to the phase diagram for water.



Assignment 3: The Gas Laws: One state of matter -- gas -- unlike liquids and and solids, changes volume with changes in temperature and pressure. Gas Laws deal with these relationships between the volume, temperature and pressure of gases. The relationships are explained by three laws --Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Gay Lussac's Law. Watch each of the videos below and complete the appropriates parts of Section 3 of the worksheet as you go. Be prepared to discuss what you have learned afterwords.

Boyle's Law



Charles' Law



Gay Lussac's Law



Density Lab: Follow written directions (handout). Learn how to calculate the density of water, wood, and a rock. Turn in complete lab sheets for grading.

Quiz: This is a paper quiz on what you have learned about Matter. It requires an understanding of the States of Matter, what a Phase Diagram tells you about each of these states, and how the temperature, pressure, and volume of a gas relate to each other (Gas Laws).

Unit 12- Waves

In this unit we take a look at a phenomenon in which energy is transferred from one place to another without an accompanying transfer of mass. The energy is carried by WAVES. Even though waves have no mass, we can often detect their movement by the disturbance they create in matter, weather it is waves on water, seismic waves moving the ground during an earthquake, or the vibration set up in our ear drums in response to sound waves. We will study the properties and characteristics of waves.

SPS9. Students will investigate the properties of waves.
a. Recognize that all waves transfer energy.
b. Relate frequency and wavelength to the energy of different kinds of electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves.
c. Compare and contrast the characteristics of electromagnetic and mechanical (sound) waves.
d. Relate the speed of sound to different mediums.
e. Explain the Doppler Effect in terms of everyday interactions.

Specific Assignments:

Assignment 1: As an introduction to the world of waves, carefully watch the following video. As you watch, take notes and complete the vocabulary worksheet (click here to see vocabulary worksheet). Pause the video as needed to give yourself time to write down definitions or an explanation. Afterwords, be prepared to discuss your answers with the class.



Assignment 2: Mini-lecture -- Waves and their properties. This lecture compares and contrasts the characteristics of mechanical vs. electromagnetic waves and transverse vs. longitudinal waves. This information is also summarized in the following short videos.





Assignment 3: Apply what you have learned about waves so far to complete questions 1 through 7 of the Waves - worksheet (click here to see Waves worksheet). Ask for help if you still have difficulty answering a question or understanding a concept.

Assignement4: Mini-lecture -- Reflection, Refraction, and Diffraction. Continue to fill-in the vocabulary worksheet as we go and then, afterwords, complete question 8 of the Waves Worksheet.

Assignment 5: Wave Interference - mini-lecture and class discussion -- Take notes.

Click here to see power point version of this mini-lecture.

Assignment 6: Watch Video below to review The Doppler Effect. Afterwords, complete any unfinished parts of the vocabulary worksheet and the remaining questions on the Waves Worksheet.



Quiz: Waves. The quiz will include all the characteristics and properties we studies in the lessons above. Prepare for the quiz by reviewing the vocabulary words, waves worksheet, lecture notes and especially the short videos.

Unit 6 -- Compounds and Chemical Reactions

Earlier in the course we learned to classify matter as a "pure substance" or a "mixture." We then discovered that there are two kinds of pure substances -- elements and compounds. In the previous unit, we focused our attention on elements and the structure of the atoms from which they are made. In this unit we learn about compounds, how to predict their formulas, how to calculate their mass, how to name them, and how they participate in chemical reactions.

SPS2b: Predict formulas for stable binary ionic compounds based on balance of charges.

SPS2c: Use IUPAC nomenclature for transition between chemical names and formulas of
binary ionic compounds and binary covalent compounds.

SPSd: Demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Matter in a chemical reaction.

SPS2e: Apply the Law of conservation of Matter by balancing the following types of chemical equations:

• Synthesis
• Decomposition
• Single Replacement
• Double Replacement

Assignment 1: Introduction to Compounds - mini-lecture. Take notes. Afterwards, complete appropriate sections of the Compounds worksheet. (Click here to see worksheet). Work individually. Turn the completed worksheet in to your instructor.

Click here to view the power point version of the lecture.

Assignment 2: Predicting the Chemical Formula of an Ionic Compound- mini-lecture. The lecture will explain how to use the Periodic Table to predict and write chemical formulas of binary ionic compounds. Take notes. Afterwards, complete the practice problems on the Predicting Formulas of Binary Ionic Compounds worksheet. (Click here to see worksheet)

Click here to view power point version of mini-lecture.

Assignment 3: Naming Binary Ionic and Covalent Compounds- mini-lecture. Afterwards, complete practice problems on the Naming Ionic and Covalent Compounds worksheet to help you apply what you have learned. (Click here to see worksheet)

Click here for power point version of the mini-lecture.

Assignment 4: Chemical Reactions - mini-lecture. Take notes and complete appropriate sections of the Chemical Reactions worksheet as we go. (Click here to see worksheet).

Click here to see power point version of the mini-lecture.

Assignment 5: Energy of Activation and the Rate of Chemical Reactions - mini-lecture. Take notes.

Watch the following short video to review "Energy of Activation."



Quiz: Compounds and Chemical Reactions -- will include what we learned about the basic chemistry of compounds, predicting and writing formulas for compounds, and naming compounds as well as what you learned about the Law of Conservation of Matter and the nature of chemical reactions.

Unit 4 - Solutions, Acids and Bases

In this short unit we are going to take a closer look at the properties of the homogeneous mixture we call a solution. Later we will focus one particular class of solutions we call "acids and bases."

SPS6: Students will investigate the properties of solutions.
a. Describe solutions in terms of

• solute/solvent
• conductivity
• concentration

b. Observe factors affecting the rate a solute dissolves in a specific solvent.
c. Demonstrate that solubility is related to temperature by constructing a solubility curve.
d. Compare and contrast the components and properties of acids and bases.
e. Determine whether common household substances are acidic, basic, or neutral.

Instruction will be a mix of direct instruction, class discussion, worksheets, and instructional videos. Expect a quiz on Solutions, Acids at the end of the unit.

Specific Assignments

Assignment 1: What is a Solution? - mini-lecture. Take notes. Fill in the appropriate sections of the Solutions, Acids, and Bases worksheet. (click here to see worksheet). Suggestion: Make flash cards for each new vocabulary word. Use your flash cards to learn the definitions of each term (homework).
Click here to see a power point version of this lecture.

Assignment 2: Properties of Solutions -- mini lecture. Take notes. Afterwords, continue to complete the appropriate sections of the Solutions, Acids, and Bases worksheet.

Click here to view a power point version of this lesson.

The following videos summarize much of what we have learned about solutions so far.







Check out this demonstration of a "Supersaturated Solution."





Assignment 3: Acids and Bases - mini-lecture. Take notes and answer the remaining questions on the Solutions, Acid, and Bases worksheet as we go.

Click here to view a power point version of the Acid-Base lecture.

The following short videos provide a good summary of what we have learned about acids and bases .







Quiz: Solutions, Acids, and Bases. The quiz will include the basic characteristics and properties of solutions as well as the basic characteristics and properties of acids and bases. Be able to recognize everyday items that are acids and bases and relate them to the pH scale.

Unit 5 - Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Now that we have learned about the basic composition and properties of matter, we are going to take a closer look at the fundamental particles that make up all matter -- atoms. We will first examine the subatomic particles that make up atoms and briefly review the history of the model of the atom. Next, we will compare and contrast the structure of neutral atoms, ions, and isotopes. Throughout the unit we will utilize and learn the usefulness of a fundamental tool of chemistry -- the periodic table -- and how it can be used to predict the structure as well as the physical and chemical properties of elements.

Instruction will be a mix of direct instruction supplemented by short video lessons, power point presentations, worksheets and a class activity. A GOOD COPY OF A PERIODIC TABLE IS REQUIRED. Click here to see a good periodic table. It is in color. Print a copy and keep it handy.

SPS2: Students will investigate the current understanding of the atom.

SPS4: Students will investigate the arrangement of the Periodic Table to
a. Determine the trends of the following:

• number of valence electrons
• types of ions formed by representative elements
• location of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

SPS4b. Use the Periodic Table to predict the above properties for representative elements.

Assignment 1: Mini-lecture. The Periodic Table and the Structure of Atoms. Take notes, then complete the exercises on the Atoms and the Periodic Table worksheet. (Click here to see worksheet).

Click here for the power point version of the mini-lecture.

The following videos will help you review what you learned.





Assignment 2: Project -- Periodic Table Basics. This is a class activity. You will work together in small groups of 3-4 students to make a poster and then answer questions about the Periodic Table. Follow the instructions on the handout (provided).

Assignment 4: Mini-lecture -- Metals, Non-metals, Metelloids and Noble Gases. Take notes and participate in class discussion.


Assignment 5: Mini-lecture -- Neutral Atoms, Ions, and Isotopes. Take notes. Participate in class discussion.

Assignment 6: Ionic vs. Covalent Bonds and the Periodic Table. -- mini-lecture. Take notes. Participate in class discussion.

Review what you learned about chemical bonds by watching these short videos:






Practice quiz: (handout)

Quiz: Atoms and the Periodic Table. Quiz requires being able to use the Periodic Table to answer questions about the structure of the atom, valence electrons, and the formation of neutral atoms, ions, and isotopes. It will also include predicting the chemical properties an atom, including what type of bonds it can form, based on its position in the Periodic Table.

Unit 3 - More about Matter

We were introduced to matter in Unit 2 where we learned of the various states of matter and some the physical changes that they undergo. In this unit we continue our study by focusing on additional physical properties of matter as well as some chemical properties of matter. We will learn to classify matter as either a pure substance or a mixture and be able to distinguish a physical change in matter from a chemical change. Finally, we will study the physical and chemical properties of a form of matter called a solution, concentrating and two solutions in particular-- acids and bases.

Lessons will be a combination of power point presentations, video lessons, and mini-lectures, accompanied by appropriate worksheets. After you complete each assignments, take some time to review what you have learned, especially the information on the worksheets.

SPS2: Students will explore the nature of matter, its classifications, and its systems for naming types of matter.

Assignment 1: Power Point -- What is Matter. Take notes. (click here to access power point)

Assignment 2: Now with help of your notes and your textbook (glossary), complete the definitions of the terms in Part 1 of the Properties of Matter worksheet. (click here to see worksheet)

Assignment 3: Video: Watch the following short video below summarizing "Physical vs. Chemical Properties of Matter." Complete Part 2 of the Properties of Matter worksheet as you go.



Assignment 4: Video: watch the video below on the "Physical vs. Chemical Changes in Matter." Complete part 3 of the Properties of Matter worksheet as you watch the video.



Lab: Physical vs. Chemical Change. We will do this demonstration as a class. Be prepared to discuss what you observed during the lab.

Unit Quiz: (paper) Properties of Matter, covers all that we have learned in this unit including how to recognized both physical and chemical properties of matter, the difference between physical and chemical change. Be able to calculate density.

End-of-Course Extra Credit

Now that we are at the end of the course, we just finished our unit on electricity. If, for some reason, you are not satisfied with your class grade, here is an extra credit project that can add points to you final class grade. Build a lemon battery. It will take a little time and money (you have to buy the lemons etc.), but it will be worth it. Follow the instructions in the video below.
Build your battery, show that it works, add 5 points to your final class grade.



To buy a low-voltage LED, try Farm Electric Inc. at 1045 Baxter Street. phone # 706-543-5280.